The monthly precipitation data set of China's alpine mountains includes the qilian mountains (1960-2013), tianshan mountains (1954-2013) and Yangtze river source (1957-2014). The distributed hydrological model needs high-precision spatial distribution information of precipitation as input.Because of the scarcity of stations, the precipitation interpolation at stations cannot reflect the spatial distribution of precipitation in the alpine mountainous areas.Generation method of this dataset: (1) collect precipitation data of national meteorological stations and hydrological stations in various regions, and add precipitation observation data of field stations of Chinese academy of sciences above an altitude of 4000m; (2) use the temperature data of each station to correct the collected precipitation data of different precipitation types; (3) establish the relationship between precipitation data and altitude, longitude and latitude, and fit monthly to generate monthly precipitation data set of 1km scale. The interpolation year of this data is 1954-2014. The data projection method is Albers projection. The spatial interpolation precision is 1-km, and the time precision is monthly data.The results show that the interpolation precipitation is reliable. The data is stored in ASCII files. The file names of the monthly precipitation data files of tianshan mountain and Yangtze river source are in the form yyyymm.txt. YYYY is the year and MM is the month.The monthly precipitation data of qilian mountain is named as: month_10001.txt, this file is the precipitation data of January 1960, successively month_10002.txt is the precipitation of February 1960, and month_10013.txt is the precipitation data of January 1961,......Month_10648.txt represents the precipitation data for December 2013.Each ASCII file represents the grid precipitation data of the day in mm.
CHEN Rensheng, LIU Junfeng
The output data of the distributed eco hydrological model (gbehm) in the upper reaches of Heihe River includes the spatial distribution data series of 1-km grid. Region: upper reaches of Heihe River (Yingluo gorge), temporal resolution: Monthly Scale, spatial resolution: 1km, period: 2015-2070 (future scenario). The data include precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff depth and average temperature. All data are in ASCII format. Please refer to the basin.asc file in the reference directory for the spatial range of the basin. Projection parameters of model results: sphere_Arc_Info_Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area
YANG Dawen
Canopy interception field is located in 2700m forest in Pailugou watershed of Qilian mountain, with 60 precipitation interception barrels arranged at equal intervals on the ground. The specifications of the interception barrel are: the radius of the bottom surface is 10cm and the height is 35cm. The observation period was from June to July 2012 and from July to September 2013, and 17 precipitation events (including each precipitation) were recorded. The unit is mm.
HE Zhibin
Three artificial rainfall events were performed on the shady grassland at the altitude of 2700m in the Pailugou watershed of the Qilian Mountains. The times were July 15, 2011, July 16, and July 22, 2011, respectively. Runoff rate, data is recorded every half an hour. Two rainfall simulations were also performed on the sun-slope grassland at the same altitude. As a comparative experiment, the time was July 24 and 25, 2011.
HE Zhibin
Nine and six evaporation barrels were arranged in the 2700m Qinghai spruce forest and the shady grassland outside the forest in the Pailugou watershed of the Qilian Mountains. Specifications are 20cm in diameter and 80cm in height. The measurement date is from June 2012 to September 2012. Daily measurement is performed and the daily precipitation is recorded. The unit is mm.
HE Zhibin
The data are from 2011 to 2012. A 30m×30m Picea crassifolia canopy interception sample plot was set up in the Picea crassifolia sample plot at an altitude of 2800m m. A siphon raingauge model DSJ2 (Tianjin Meteorological Instrument Factory) was set up on the open land of the river about 50m from the sample plot to observe the rainfall outside the forest and its characteristics. Penetrating rain in the forest adopts a combination of manual observation and automatic observation. Automatic observation is mainly realized through a penetrating rain collection system arranged in the interception sample plot, which consists of a water collecting tank and an automatic recorder. Two 400cm×20cm water collecting tanks are connected with DSJ2 siphon rain gauge, and the change characteristics of penetrating rain under the forest are continuously recorded by an automatic recorder. Due to the spatial variability of the canopy structure of Picea crassifolia forest in the sample plot, a standard rainfall tube for manual observation is also arranged in the sample plot to observe the penetrating rain in the forest. Ninety rainfall tubes with a diameter of 20cm are arranged in the sample plot at intervals of 3m. After each precipitation event ends and the penetrating rain in the forest stops, the amount of water in the rain barrel will be emptied and the penetrating rain in the barrel will be measured with the rain cup.
ZHAO Chuanyan, MA Wenying
This data includes experimental data of grassland interception control and observation data of maximum water holding capacity of grassland. The maximum water holding capacity experiment was carried out in 2011. The main vegetation types selected are Carex, Polygonum viviparum, Plantago asiatica and Potentilla chinensis. The maximum water holding capacity experiment was carried out on each type of samples and the samples were photographed. The specific data obtained are shown in the document. The grassland canopy interception was carried out in the growing season of 2012, and was completed by artificial rainfall control experiment. At the end of the growing season, the main types of grassland in the basin were sampled according to grazing and grazing ban. During artificial rainfall, rainfall and penetrating rainfall are recorded every 1min. Finally, the grassland canopy interception is calculated by the difference between rainfall and penetrating rainfall.
ZHAO Chuanyan, MA Wenying
This data comes from the Tianlaochi watershed sample plot. The vegetation types of the sample plot are grassland, shrub, Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia. The self-made Lysimeter is mainly used to observe the soil evapotranspiration characteristics in Picea crassifolia forestry. To provide basic data for the development of watershed evapotranspiration model. At about 19:00 every day, an electronic scale with an accuracy of 1g is used to weigh the inner barrel. In case of rain, observe whether there is leakage in the leakage barrel. If there is leakage, measure the leakage amount in the leakage barrel as well. The observation period in 2011 is from May 30 to September 10. The observation period in 2012 is from June 11 to September 10. Observation instrument: 1) standard 20cm diameter rain tube rain gauge. 2) self-made lysimeter (diameter 30.5cm, barrel height 28.5). 3) Electronic balance (accuracy: 0.1g) used to observe the weight change of self-made lysimeter.
ZHAO Chuanyan, MA Wenying
1、 Data Description: from June 2012 to June 2013, the rainfall, river water and soil water in the basin were sampled and analyzed. 2、 Sampling location: rainfall sampling point is located in Qilian station of Chinese Academy of Sciences, with longitude and latitude of 99 ° 52 ′ 39.4 ″ e, 38 ° 15 ′ 47 ″ n; river water sampling point is located at the outlet of hulugou watershed, with longitude and latitude of 99 ° 52 ′ 47.7 ″ e, 38 ° 16 ′ 11 ″ n, with sampling frequency of once a week; soil water sampling point is located in the middle and lower part of hongnigou catchment, with sampling depth of 180cm underground and longitude and latitude of 99 ° 52 ′ 25.98 ″ E, 38 ° 15 ′ 36.11 ″ n, only one sample is taken. 3、 Test method: thermofisher TM flash 2000 and mat 253 gas stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer were used to measure the samples in 2012; l2130-i ultra-high precision liquid water and water vapor isotope analyzer was used to measure the samples in 2013.
SUN Ziyong, CHANG Qixin
This data includes the basic terrain data, soil data, meteorological data, land use / land cover data, etc. needed for SWAT model operation. All maps and relevant point coordinates (meteorological station, hydrological station) adopt the coordinate system of Gauss Kruger projection which is consistent with the basic topographic map of our country. Data content includes: a) The basic topographic data include DEM and river network. The size of DEM grid is 50 * 50m, and the drainage network is manually digitized from 1:100000 topographic map. b) Soil data: including soil physics, soil chemistry and spatial distribution of soil types. The scale of digital soil map is 1:1 million, which is converted into grid format of ESRI, with grid size of 50 * 50m. Each soil profile can be divided into up to 10 layers. The sampling index of soil texture required by the model adopts the American Standard. The parameters are from the second National Soil Census data and related literature. c) Meteorological data: (1) Temperature: the data of daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, wind speed and relative humidity are from the daily observation data of Qilian, Shandan, tole, yeniugou and Zhangye meteorological stations in and around the basin, with the period from 1999 to 2001. (2) Precipitation: the rainfall data comes from five hydrological stations in and around the basin, i.e. OBO (1990-1996), Sunan (1990-2000), Qilian (1990-2000), Yingluoxia (1990-2000), zamashk (1990-2000), Shandan (1999-2001), tole (1999-2001), yeniugou (1999-2001), Zhangye (1999-2001) and Qilian County (1999-2001) Observation data. (3) Wind speed and relative humidity: wind speed and relative humidity come from the daily observation data of 5 meteorological stations in Shandan, tole, yeniugou, Zhangye and Qilian county. The period is from 1999 to 2001. (4) Solar radiation: solar radiation has no corresponding observation data and is generated by model simulation. d) Land use / land cover: 1995 land use data, scale 1:100000. Convert it to grid format of ESRI, with grid size of 50 * 50m. e) Meteorological data simulation tool (weather generator) database: the weather data simulation tool of SWAT model can simulate and calculate the daily meteorological input data required by the model operation according to the monthly statistical data for many years without the actual daily observation data, and can also carry out the interpolation of incomplete observation data. The meteorological data are from the surrounding meteorological stations.
NAN Zhuotong
1. Data overview: This data set is the scale artificial evaporation dish and precipitation data of qilian station from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013. The artificial evaporator is a 20cm standard evaporator, and the precipitation is a 20cm standard rain gauge. 2. Data content: (1) the evaporation capacity is measured at 20:00 every day with 20 special measuring cups;It is before a day commonly 20 when measure clear water 20 millimeter with special measure cup (original quantity) pour into implement inside, 24 hours hind namely in the same day 20 hour, again measure the water inside implement (allowance), its reduce quantity is evaporation quantity.Namely: evaporation = original quantity - residual quantity.If there is precipitation between 20:00 of the previous day and 20:00 of the same day, the calculation formula is: evaporation = original quantity + precipitation - residual quantity. (2) precipitation is generally observed in two stages, namely once at 8 o 'clock and once at 20 o 'clock each day. In the rainy season, observation periods are increased, and additional measurements are needed when the rainfall is large.The daily rainfall is divided into 8 a.m. of each day, and the precipitation from 8 a.m. to 8 a.m. of the next day is the precipitation of the current day.If it is rain, measure it with 20 special measuring cups. When it snows, only use the outer tube as snow bearing equipment, and then weigh it with an electronic balance (shenyang longteng es30k-12 type electronic balance, the minimum sensible amount is 0.2g). 3. Space and time range: Geographical coordinates: longitude: 99° 53’e; Latitude: 38°16 'N; Height: 2981.0 m
CHEN Rensheng, HAN Chuntan, SONG Yaoxuan, LIU Junfeng, YANG Yong, LIU Zhangwen
1. Data overview: This data set is the scale artificial evaporation dish and precipitation data of qilian station from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012. The artificial evaporator is a 20cm standard evaporator, and the precipitation is a 20cm standard rain gauge. 2. Data content: (1) the evaporation capacity is measured at 20:00 every day with 20 special measuring cups;It is before a day commonly 20 when measure clear water 20 millimeter with special measure cup (original quantity) pour into implement inside, 24 hours hind namely in the same day 20 hour, again measure the water inside implement (allowance), its reduce quantity is evaporation quantity.Namely: evaporation = original quantity - residual quantity.If there is precipitation between 20:00 of the previous day and 20:00 of the same day, the calculation formula is: evaporation = original quantity + precipitation - residual quantity. (2) precipitation is generally observed in two stages, namely once at 8 o 'clock and once at 20 o 'clock each day. In the rainy season, observation periods are increased, and additional measurements are needed when the rainfall is large.The daily rainfall is divided into 8 a.m. of each day, and the precipitation from 8 a.m. to 8 a.m. of the next day is the precipitation of the current day.If it is rain, measure it with 20 special measuring cups. When it snows, only use the outer tube as snow bearing equipment, and then weigh it with an electronic balance (shenyang longteng es30k-12 type electronic balance, the minimum sensible amount is 0.2g). 3. Space and time range: Geographical coordinates: longitude: 99° 53’e;Latitude: 38°16 'N;Height: 2981.0 m
CHEN Rensheng, SONG Yaoxuan, LIU Junfeng, YANG Yong, LIU Zhangwen, HAN Chuntan
1. Data overview: This data set is the scale artificial evaporation dish and precipitation data of qilian station from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011.The artificial evaporator is a 20cm standard evaporator, and the precipitation is a 20cm standard rain gauge. 2. Data content: (1) the evaporation capacity is measured at 20:00 every day with 20 special measuring cups;It is before a day commonly 20 when measure clear water 20 millimeter with special measure cup (original quantity) pour into implement inside, 24 hours hind namely in the same day 20 hour, again measure the water inside implement (allowance), its reduce quantity is evaporation quantity.Namely: evaporation = original quantity - residual quantity.If there is precipitation between 20:00 of the previous day and 20:00 of the same day, the calculation formula is: evaporation = original quantity + precipitation - residual quantity. (2) precipitation is generally observed in two stages, namely once at 8 o 'clock and once at 20 o 'clock each day. In the rainy season, observation periods are increased, and additional measurements are needed when the rainfall is large.The daily rainfall is divided into 8 a.m. of each day, and the precipitation from 8 a.m. to 8 a.m. of the next day is the precipitation of the current day.If it is rain, measure it with 20 special measuring cups. When it snows, only use the outer tube as snow bearing equipment, and then weigh it with an electronic balance (shenyang longteng es30k-12 type electronic balance, the minimum sensible amount is 0.2g). 3. Space and time range: Geographical coordinates: longitude: 99° 53’e;Latitude: 38°16 'N;Height: 2981.0 m
CHEN Rensheng, SONG Yaoxuan, LIU Junfeng, YANG Yong, QING Wenwu, LIU Zhangwen, HAN Chuntan
1. Data overview: This data set is the scale meteorological gradient data of qilian station from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 (installed at the end of September 2011).VG1000 gradient observation system carries out long-term monitoring of wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity, radiation and other conventional meteorological elements, and carries out data storage and processing analysis in combination with the data collector with high precision and high scanning frequency. 2. Data content: The main observation factors include four layers of air temperature, humidity and two-dimensional ultrasonic wind, rain and snow volume meter, eight layers of ground temperature, soil moisture content, etc. 3. Space and time range: Geographical coordinates: longitude: longitude: 99° 52’e;Latitude: 38°15 'N;Height: 3232.3 m
CHEN Rensheng, HAN Chuntan
1. Data overview: This data set is the scale meteorological gradient data of qilian station from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 (installed at the end of September 2011).VG1000 gradient observation system carries out long-term monitoring of wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity, radiation and other conventional meteorological elements, and carries out data storage and processing analysis in combination with the data collector with high precision and high scanning frequency. 2. Data content: The main observation factors include four layers of air temperature, humidity and two-dimensional ultrasonic wind, rain and snow volume meter, eight layers of ground temperature, soil moisture content, etc. 3. Space and time range: Geographical coordinates: longitude: longitude: 99° 52’e;Latitude: 38°15 'N;Height: 3232.3 m
CHEN Rensheng, HAN Chuntan
"Hydrological ecological economic process coupling and evolution of Heihe River Basin Management under the framework of water rights" (91125018) project data collection 2 - Dunhuang comprehensive plan for rational utilization of water resources and ecological protection (2011-2020) Planning documents mainly include: 1. Current situation and existing problems of regional water resources utilization; 2. Guiding ideology, basic principles and planning objectives; 3. Analysis of economic, social and ecological water demand; 4. Plan for water resources allocation; 5. Construction of water right system; 6. Main engineering measures; 7. Environmental impact arrangement.
The project of ecological security evaluation and landscape planning in the inner flow area of hexi corridor belongs to the major research plan of "environment and ecological science in western China" of the national natural science foundation, led by researcher xiao duning of the institute of cold and dry environment and engineering, Chinese academy of sciences. The project runs from Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2004. The data of the project is the ecological data of the inner flow area of hexi corridor, including heihe basin, shiyang river basin, shule river basin and river runoff. Investigation and analysis data of ejin banner in heihe river area 1. Soil moisture TDR data The data is stored in Excel format and includes both tubular and well 2002 soil moisture survey data. Tube TDR data Tubular soil moisture survey data with 1.8m underground intervals of 0.2 m on June 1, June 11, June 21, July 1, July 11, July 21, July 31, August 11 and August 21, 2002, including erdaqiao, gobi, forest farm, qidaqiao and tseng forest. Well TDR data Data of well soil moisture survey on June 21, July 1, July 11, July 21, July 31, August 11 and August 21, 2002, which included willows, gobi, populus euphratica and weeds, with intervals of more than 5 meters and 0.2 meters underground. Groundwater GPS data In Excel format, the TDR observation points were measured by GPS, including basic information such as longitude, latitude and elevation, plus information such as water level, logging type and remarks. 2. Soil nutrient salinity data To Excel format, 42 samples containing "total oxygen N %", "total phosphorus P %", "% organic matter", "hydrolysis N N mg/kg", "organic P P mg/kg", "available K K mg/kg", "% calcium carbonate", "PH", "the % of salt" and "total potassium % K" nutrient investigation and analysis of data, such as 42 samples containing "conductance value (%) computing the salt", CO3, HCO3, CI, SO4, Ca, mg, Na + K salt investigation and analysis of data, etc. 3. Soil mechanical composition In Excel format, 42 sample points contained soil particle composition information analysis tables of depth (cm), percentage of particle content at each level (sieve analysis method) (>2mm, 2-1mm, 1-0.5mm, 0.5-0.25mm and 0.25-0.1mm) and percentage of particle content at each level (straw method) (<0.1mm, 0.1-0.05mm, 0.05-0.02mm, 0.02-0.002mm and <0.002mm). 4. Meteorological data of erqi station Is the Excel sheet, including rainfall data from 1957 to 1998, evaporation data from 1957 to 1998, temperature data from 1957 to 1991, wind speed data from 1972 to 1992, maximum temperature data from 1972 to 1992, minimum temperature data from 1972 to 1992, sunshine data from 1972 to 1992 and relative humidity data from 1972 to 1992. Scan copy of jiuquan area The scanning copy of the general map of land use status in jiuquan 1:300,000, the scanning copy of the evaluation map of the distribution of cultivated land reserve resources in jiuquan 1:300,000 and the scanning copy of the district map of jiuquan 1:300,000 Zhang ye water protection information It contains the statistics of water and soil conservation in the regions of ganzhou district, gaotai district, linze county, minle county, shandan county, sunan county and zhangye city in zhangye region (stored in Excel format) and the planning report of each region (stored in Word format). Shiyang river basin Jinchang water resources survey data It includes the scan of 1:50000 water resource distribution map of jinchang city in 1997, the average decline degree of groundwater level in qinghe and jinchuan irrigation areas in jinchang city from 81 to 2000, the statistical table of annual groundwater supply in 1986, 1995 and 2001, and the survey and evaluation report of cultivated land reserve resources in jinchang city. Survey data of water resources in minqin Includes detailed minqin county area typical Wells status per acre crops irrigation water use questionnaire, irrigation, industrial and agricultural water use questionnaire, seeded area of villages and towns questionnaire, the survey data of groundwater hardness index, minqin county of surface runoff and the runoff change situation report, irrigation water quota formulation of evaluation report, minqin county water resources development and utilization of report and opinion polls irrigation works report, etc. Zoning map of soil improvement and utilization in wuwei area For the scanning part of water and soil conservation planning map of wuwei city, the scanning part of the location map of wuwei irrigation area, the scanning part of the scanning part of the administrative map of wuwei city, the scanning part of the water source and water conservancy project construction map of wuwei city, the scanning part of the planning map of wuwei sanbei phase ii shelterbelt project and the scanning part of the administrative map of liangzhou district. Yongchang county water protection information It is the scanning copy of the soil and water conservation supervision, prevention and control plan of 1994 in yongchang county at 1:20000. Shule river basin Distribution map of water resources development and utilization in yumen city It consists of four jpeg images, a 1:250,000 general scanning map of yumen's water resources development and utilization in 2002, and three high-resolution sub-maps. River runoff This data set is stored in Excel format, mainly including the total flow of three basins from 1949 to 2002, the annual runoff of each tributary of the basin, the annual runoff of detailed investigation areas such as jiuquan and the upstream inflow of yuanyang pond reservoir. Total basin Is the annual runoff data of heihe river basin, shiyang river basin and shule river basin from 1949 to 2002. Annual runoff of black river Is the annual runoff data of heihe river, liyuan river, taolai river, hongshui river, qingshui river, fengle river and hongsha river from 1949 to 2002. Annual runoff of shiyang river Is the annual runoff data of xidahe river, dongdahe river, xiying river, jinta river, zama river, huangyang river, gulang river, dajing river and other tributaries from 1949 to 2002. Annual runoff of shule river Is the annual runoff data of dang river, shule river and harten river from 1950 to 2002. Annual river runoff in jiuquan area For the annual flow data of changma gorge of shule river, dangcheng bay of danghe river, junmiao of shule river, baiyang river, icegou of toulai river, yuanyang pond of toulai river, xindi of hongshui river, fengle river, hongsha river of maying river and suang river of yulin river in jiuquan region from 1950 to 2002. Statistics of upstream inflow of yuanyang pond reservoir The data are the upstream inflow data of yuanyang pond reservoir from 1959 to 2001.
Xiao Duning
The output data of the distributed eco hydrological model in the upper reaches of Heihe River includes the spatial distribution data of 1-km grid and the discharge time series data of the outlet of the basin. (1) Spatial distribution data of 1-km grid, monthly average soil moisture, actual evapotranspiration, runoff depth and other spatial distribution data of 1-km resolution. (2) Runoff time series daily flow data of river basin outlet.
YANG Dawen
The output data of the distributed eco-hydrological model (GBEHM) of the upper reaches of the black river include the spatial distribution data series of 1-km grid. Region: upper reaches of heihe river (yingxiaoxia), time resolution: month scale, spatial resolution: 1km, time period: 1980-2010. The data included precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff depth, and soil volumetric water content (0-100cm). All data is in ASCII format. See basan.asc file in the reference directory for the basin space range. The projection parameter of the model result is Sphere_ARC_INFO_Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area.
YANG Dawen
Using ETWatch model with the system complete the heihe river basin scale 1 km resolution 2014 surface evaporation data with middle oasis 30 meters resolution on scale data set, the surface evaporation raster image data of the data sets, it is the time resolution of scale from month to month, the spatial resolution of 1 km scale (covering the whole basin) and 30 meters scale (middle oasis area), the unit is mm.Data types include monthly, quarterly, and annual data. The projection information of the data is as follows: Albers equal-area cone projection, Central longitude: 110 degrees, First secant: 25 degrees, Second secant: 47 degrees, Coordinates by west: 4000000 meter. File naming rules are as follows: 1) 1 km resolution remote sensing data set Monthly cumulative ET value file name: heihe-1km_2014m01_eta.tif Heihe refers to heihe river basin, 1km means the resolution is 1km, 2014 means the year of 2014, m01 means the month of January, eta means the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif means the data is tif format. Name of quarterly cumulative ET value file: heihe-1km_2014s01_eta.tif Heihe represents the heihe river basin, 1km represents the resolution of 1km, 2014 represents the year of 2014, s01 represents the period from January to march, and the first quarter, eta represents the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif represents the data in tif format. Annual cumulative value file name: heihe-1km_2014y_eta.tif Heihe represents the heihe river basin, 1km represents the resolution of 1km, 2014 represents the year of 2014, y represents the year, eta represents the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif represents the data in tif format. 2) remote sensing data set with a resolution of 30 meters Monthly cumulative ET value file name: heihe-midoasa-30m_2014m01_eta.tif Heihe represents the heihe river basin, midoasis represents the mid-range oasis area, 30m represents the resolution of 30 meters, 2014 represents 2014, m01 represents January, eta represents the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif represents the data in tif format. Name of quarterly cumulative ET value file: heihe-midoasa-30m_2014s01_eta.tif Heihe represents the heihe river basin, midoasis represents the mid-range oasis area, 30m represents the resolution of 30 meters, 2014 represents 2014, s01 represents january-march, and the first quarter, eta represents the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif represents the data in tif format. Annual cumulative value file name: heihe-midoasa-30m_2014y_eta.tif Heihe represents the heihe river basin, midoasis represents the mid-range oasis area, 30m represents the resolution of 30 meters, 2014 represents the year of 2014, y represents the year, eta represents the actual evapotranspiration data, and tif represents the data in tif format.
WU Bingfang
Data overview: from September 23 to September 30, 2005 and from November 5 to November 9, 2005, the remote sensing Office of hanhanyuan Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences measured 21 hydrological sections between Yingluoxia hydrological station and zhengzhengxia hydrological station in the middle reaches of Heihe River. Data acquisition process: using two sets of zhonghaida hd8080 GPS receivers and one set of DS3 level of Southern surveying and mapping company, combining GPS and leveling. Section survey mainly includes two steps. Firstly, two differential GPS are used to select high-precision control points on both sides of the river bank or on one side of the selected section, and two GPS receivers are used to observe for 30 minutes simultaneously. Then, on the basis of these control points, the level is used for continuous measurement of the section. According to the river width, a certain number of sounding plumb lines are arranged on the section to measure the water depth and the starting point distance of each sounding plumb line. The measuring points are relatively dense in the main channel part, and the beach is relatively sparse. The distance between the two points of the main channel part is 2m. This data can provide the key basic data for the hydrological simulation of surface groundwater in the middle reaches of Heihe River.
MA Mingguo
Near-surface atmospheric driving data prepared by ETMonitor and WRF models based on remote sensing surface evapotranspiration model were used to estimate the daily surface evapotranspiration of the heihe river basin at 1km from 2009 to 2011.The coordinate system is the longitude and latitude projection, and the spatial range is 96.5e -- 102.5e, 37.5n -- 43N.Using daily data storage, data format for GEOTIFF, naming: yyyyddd_EvapoTranspiration. tif, including yyyy for years, DDD for ordinal.The data type is single-precision floating point in mm/d and the invalid value is -9.
JIA Li
Near-surface atmospheric driving data prepared by ETMonitor and WRF models based on remote sensing surface evapotranspiration model were used to estimate the average surface evapotranspiration of the heihe river basin with a resolution of 250m in 8 days from may to September 2012.The coordinate system is the projection of equal latitude and longitude, and the spatial range is 96.5e -- 102.5e, 37.5n -- 43N.8 days data using synthetic way of storage, the data format for GEOTIFF, naming: 2012 ddd_evapotranspiration. Tif, including a DDD, ordinal number, for example 2012121 _evapotranspiration. Tif said 2012 day ordinal number is 121-128 days, the average surface evaporation unit is mm/d.The data type is single-precision floating point with an invalid value of -9.
JIA Li
From May 25, 2012 to September 8, 2012, observation was made at 3100m grassland weather station in Tianlaochi watershed of Qilian mountain. The instrument was a 20cm evaporating dish, a round metal basin with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm. The mouth of the basin was blade-shaped. In order to prevent birds and animals from drinking water, a trumpet-shaped wire mesh ring was sleeved on the upper part of the mouth. During measurement, the instrument shall be placed on the shelf with the mouth 70cm from the ground, and quantitative clear water shall be put in every day. After 24 hours, the remaining water quantity shall be measured by the dosage cup, and the reduced water quantity shall be the evaporation capacity. Data are daily evaporation from May 25, 2012 to September 8, 2012.
ZHAO Chuanyan, MA Wenying
From June 10, 2011 to September 2, 2011, the observation instrument of 3100m grassland weather station in Tianlaochi watershed of Qilian mountain was a 20cm evaporating pan, a round metal basin with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm, and the mouth of the basin was blade-shaped. In order to prevent birds and animals from drinking water, a trumpet-shaped wire mesh ring was set on the upper part of the mouth of the vessel. During measurement, the instrument shall be placed on the shelf with the mouth 70cm from the ground, and quantitative clear water shall be put in every day. After 24 hours, the remaining water quantity shall be measured by the dosage cup, and the reduced water quantity shall be the evaporation capacity. Data are daily evaporation from June 10, 2011 to September 2, 2011.
ZHAO Chuanyan, MA Wenying
1. Data overview: this data is the blue and green water data of Heihe River Basin simulated by SWAT model; 2. Data content: data mainly includes blue-green water and green water coefficient of the whole basin and each sub Basin; 3. Spatial and temporal scope: the data time is from 1975 to 2004, and the spatial scope includes 34 sub basins and the whole Heihe River Basin; 4. Data file: the relevant data is placed in the Swat folder, including the sub_basin folder (sub basin distribution map), "blue and green water of the whole Heihe River Basin" folder and "blue and green water of each hydrological response unit of the Heihe River Basin" folder.
LIU Junguo
The site No. 1 EC towers were used for the intercomparison field in the Yingke irrigation district (1552.75 m, 38°59′51.71″ N, 100°24′38.76″ E). The land surface is homogeneous and dominated by vegetables in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The precipitation comparison dataset was collected between 12 June, 2012, and 22 November, 2012. The dataset includes data for five different rain gauge types, i.e., pit gauge, Chinese standard manual precipitation gauge, siphon rain gauge, tipping bucket gauge, and weighting gauge. The mountain heights for these gauges were 0.0, 0.7, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.5 m, respectively. The data were recorded every 1 hour, 1 day, 10 minutes, 10 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively. The main objective of the data collection was to perform an intercomparison of in situ rainfall measurements. The data processing and quality control steps were as follows: 1) The water level data which collected from the hydrological station were averaged over intervals of 10 min for a total of 144 records per day. The missing data were denoted by -6999. 2) Data out the normal range records were rejected. 3) Unphysical data were rejected. For more information, please refer to Liu et al. (2016) (for multi-scale observation experiment or sites information), He et al. (2016) (for data processing) in the Citation section.
ZHANG Jian, NING Tianxiang, HUANG Xiaoming, JIANG Heng, LIU Shaomin, LI Xin
The dataset of runoff plot observations was obtained in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area from Jun. 19 to Oct. 17, 2008. The runoff plot (38°03′, 100°13′, 3472m, with a slope of 20.16°) was 10m long, 5m wide and 80cm deep, with soil depth about 50cm and sandy clay and gravels beneath (50-80cm). The main vegetation type is scrub (about 20cm high) and grass (about 3cm high). Observation items included the surface flow, interflow (80cm down the land surface), and precipitation at a fixed point at the right of the runoff plot. One subfolder and two data files (directions on data observations and raw data) were archived.
LI Hongyi, LI Zhe, BAI Yunjie, XIN Bingjie
The data set collects the long-term monitoring data on atmosphere, hydrology and soil from the Integrated Observation and Research Station of Multisphere in Namco, the Integrated Observation and Research Station of Atmosphere and Environment in Mt. Qomolangma, and the Integrated Observation and Research Station of the Alpine Environment in Southeast Tibet. The data have three resolutions, which include 0.1 seconds, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 24 hours. The temperature, humidity and pressure sensors used in the field atmospheric boundary layer tower (PBL) were provided by Vaisala of Finland. The wind speed and direction sensor was provided by MetOne of the United States. The radiation sensor was provided by APPLEY of the United States and EKO of Japan. Gas analysis instrument was provided by Licor of the United States, and the soil moisture content, ultrasonic anemometer and data collector were provided by CAMPBELL of the United States. The observing system is maintained by professionals on a regular basis (2-3 times a year), the sensors are calibrated and replaced, and the collected data are downloaded and reorganized to meet the meteorological observation specifications of the National Weather Service and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The data set was processed by forming a time continuous sequence after the raw data were quality-controlled, and the quality control included eliminating the systematic error caused by missing data and sensor failure.
MA Yaoming
The dataset of intensive rain gauges observations was obtained in the arid region hydrology experiment area, in cooperation with dual polarized doppler radar observations. There was no single dataset for the upper stream observations for the poor quality; the middle stream dataset was collected by 29 RG3-M self-recording rain gauges: the northernmost (100.36°E, 39.16°N), the southernmost (100.34°E, 38.61°N), the easternmost (100.62°E, 38.87°N), and the westernmost (100.26°E, 38.82°N). Rain gauges R02-R09 measured from May 18 to Oct. 9, 2008, and R10-R30 from May 26 to Oct. 9, 2008. The technique criterions of these rain gauges were : (1) caliber: 165mm×254mm (2) the temperature range: 0°C —+70°C (3) resolution: 0.2mm (4) the measuring range: 0—320cm (5) the measuring accuracy: 1%
CHU Rongzhong, ZHAO Guo
The dataset of the drop spectrometer observations was obtained at an interval of 30 seconds in the cold region hydrology experimental area from Mar. 14 to Apr. 14, 2008. The site was chosen in A'rou (N39.06°, E100.44°, 3002m), Qilian county, Qinghai province. The data mainly included the raindrop grain size and the terminal velocity. Besides, dual polarized radar (X-band) parameters such as ZDR and KDR could be further developed based on those data. The observation was carried out within an area of 5400mm^2; the liquid grain diameter was from 0.2-5mm, and the solid grain diameter was from 0.2-25mm.
CHU Rongzhong, ZHAO Guo, HU Zeyong, ZHANG Tong, JIA Wei
The dataset of intensive runoff observations was obtained by the cup type current meter (made in Chongqing Hydrological Instrument Factory) in the Binggou watershed foci experimental area from Jan. 17, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2009. Data directions included: (1) the regular observation before Mar. 14, 2008, once per day; the intensive observation from Mar. 15, 2008 to Apr. 1, 2008, 7-8 times per day and even hourly for some intensive observations (2) three times (9, 14 and 19 BJT) per day from May 3, 2008 to Sep. 17, 2008; from Sep. 17, 2008 on, two times (9 and 18 BJT) per day; the water runoff by evenly spaced method, 20cm, 40cm and 80cm based on different situations The data were named after WATER_Runoff_BG_yyyymmdd-yyyymmdd.csv (WATER_Runoff_BG for Ginggou, yyyymmdd-yyyymmdd for the observation time). The missing data were marked "None".
BAI Yunjie, LI Hongyi, LI Zhe, XIN Bingjie
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